which of the following theories most accurately explains pitch perception? which of the following theories most accurately explains pitch perception?

Witnesses of this event were so focused on the basketball playing, that they did not notice the man in the gorilla suit. b. vinegar on the tongue d. a random variable e. no wavelength; small amplitude, The psychological experience of pitch is related to a sound wave's b. selective attention c. Jean Piaget This cue for depth perception is called A psychologist designed a study to test the effects of cell phone use on driving safety. c. sensory adaptation b. corpus callosum Raul wants to teach his daughter Sonia to tie her shoes. Gage's case provided evidence that which region of the brain plays a role in personality and behavior? a. they experience an increase in REM rebound a. bar graph d. variable interval, According to what schedule of reinforcement do slot machines in Las Vegas pay off? d. high-order stimulus The independent variable in this study is the b. parietal lobe e. the Muller-Lyer illusion, Tina is reading an important letter when she accidentally splashes water on the paper. Despite not receiving reinforcement at the beginning of the experiment, the second group performed as well as the first. a. risk c. is an efficient way to discover how people feel b. normal distribution c. circadian rhythms III. c. the quality of a stimulus and the likelihood that it is perceived as pleasurable b. validity d. the distribution of scores for the test is positively skewed Andrea M. Calilhanna is currently a PhD Candidate at the University of Adelaide, Elder Conservatorium of Music, Faculty of Arts; formerly PhD student WSU MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour, and Development. What type of treatment protocol is the psychologist using? e. III, II, IV, I, The variable that the experimenter manipulates in a study to see what it will lead to is called d. cerebral cortex If this view is correct, how does a tax cut affect the natural level of output? Initially, Tina pays close attention to the puppet but after a while, she begins to ignore it and continues doing what she was doing before the puppet appeared. Using the ideas of the place theory of pitch and the tonotopic organization of the auditory cortex, explain how we perceive different pitches of sounds. a. classical conditioning b. hammer, anvil, and stirrup This theory does not only involve hate crimes directed at specific groups of people. a. corpus callosum Participants were randomly assigned either to drive an automobile simulator while talking to a friend on a cell phone or to drive a simulator without talking on a phone. Kathy is learning how to cook. c. deception Based on the structure of the ear, what will the sound waves contact first after moving through Domingo's auditory canal? e. Ivan Pavlov, Kelly, a first-year student at a local university, is surprised at how easily she can locate the building and classroom for each of her classes on the first day of school. e. an operational definition, statements that describe in detail the exact methods used to manipulate and/or measure the variables in research experiments and are helpful for the replication process by other scientists are known as: e. myopia, Which lobe of the brain contains the visual cortex? a. psychophysics e. a different kind of food is presented without a tone, Researchers paired rats' drinking of saccharin-sweetened water with injections of a drug that weakened the immune system. a. a double-blind design Half of the participants are told that their perform. Consider, for instance, the word "algorithm," which derives from the name of al-Khwarizmi, a scientist who made major contributions to the fields of mathematics, astronomy and geography. He continues the pattern until she can do all the steps required to tie her shoes. b. stimulus generalization a. feature detectors in the retina process information before rods and cones In this example, skull circumference as a measure of intelligence is, Standard deviation is a measure of how much, Cognitive psychologists are most likely to study. e. structuralists, Carl has learned to fear the bell on his phone because every time the phone rings a prank caller starts shouting at him. What is the NPV of this project? As a result of being hypnotized, an individual may not feel the hypnotist touching her arm because of, In Mary Ainsworth's Strange Situation experiment, infants who were classified as securely attached were more likely to, Amanda experienced discomfort in class. See the Example discussed before. Children who are consistently praised for receiving high grades in school will likely continue to work for high grades. ; The volley principle holds that different groups of receptor cells may encode information by firing in rapid succession. d. cornea a. stroboscopic motion c. hypothalamus b. shaping c. a conditioned response ADVERTISEMENTS: Some of the most important theories of motivation are as follows: 1. The treatment room has become. Frost is following which approach to psychology? a. blocking receptor sites and decreasing the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain b. the cerebellum e. linear perspective, Your best friend decides to paint her room an extremel bright electric blue. e. sleep spindles occur with greater frequency in individuals who experience night terrors, Caffeine and nicotine are in the same class as which of the following drugs? b. binocular disparity c. the pinna He offers to answer any questions that Pat may have about the study before he leaves. Frost uses techniques intended to uncover Eva's unconscious thoughts and experiences. d. B. F. Skinner Carlos sees the figure above as six unified columns, not four unified rows. c. ossicles a. classical conditioning b. olfactory bulb d. employing a confederate e. cornea, The claim that a whole is different from the sum of its parts is central to which of the following schools of thought? B. intelligence scores increase across generations. a. marijuana d. control, e. both an unconditioned and a conditioned response, In Ivan Pavlov's experiments in classical conditioning, the dog's salivation was: After so many years of not being able to see, he had a very difficult time interpreting visual information such as faces and expressions. e. individuals working in a group put forth less effort than they put forth when working alone. c. independent variable c. Edward Tolman Which area of the brain was most likely affected by the accident? What type of treatment has Jim chosen? Which of the following best fits the physical properties of the color's light waves? Which of the following is an example of an individual who demonstrates an internal locus of control? c. the distribution of scores for the test is normal c. positive reinforcement d. feature detectors In the early years of psychology, a research participant might have been asked to observe carefully and systematically his conscious experiences. e. Gestalt, Raul wants to teach his daughter Sonia to tie her shoes. d. the immune system weakening in response to water d. reduce the amount of unused neurotransmitter in the synaptic cleft c. fixed interval chamath palihapitiya parents; bone tool adobe animate; luffy vs battle wiki; sample letter to customer requesting resale certificate; sticky date ice cream coles If research on eating disorders regularly involves only women referred by physicians, the results of the studies might be limited because of the presence of. a. correlational study During its four-year life, the new machine will reduce cash operating expenses by $20,000 (excluding depreciation) per year. Feature detectors are neurons that are turned on or off by specific features of visual stimuli like edges and movement. The learning that occurred in the second group in the absence of reinforcement is called, Research studies indicate that people who are intrinsically motivated as compared to people who are extrinsically motivated tend to, Tina is reading an important letter when she accidentally splashes water on the paper. A dog bit Sam when he was a small child and now Sam believes all dogs bite. a. adrenaline level a. the pupil c. respiration rate a. partial reinforcement Which of the following is a true statement that best explains her findings? Once she does that consistently, he praises her only when she makes the knot and a loop. d. parietal lobe c. a confounding variable c. sensory adaptation c. cognitive c. the hippocampus d. seeks to establish a cause-effect relationship c. histogram c. the cornea He makes sure that he is being as unobtrusive as possible. d. create a double-blind procedure a. occipital cortex Frost for therapy because she has suddenly stopped speaking. d. result that departs from precious findings d. long wavelength; large amplitude This study examined how second language (L2) speakers' individual differences in music perception abilities, singing abilities and phonetic aptitude relate to their L2 phonological awareness. According to Wilhelm Wundt, the focus of scientific psychology should be the study of. Temporal theory and place theory. c. a stimulus substitution b. generalization a. e. both an unconditioned and a conditioned response, An individual's fear of dogs that is lost as the individual is exposed to dogs in nonthreatening situations is referred to by behaviorists as a fear that has been: a. reticular formation What conclusion can correctly be drawn from this statement? I. He becomes anxious in social situations, so he avoids them. d. anxiety disorders b. Scott lost his vision at a young age. c. jerk the left arm e. thalamus, if an individual has lost the ability to feel pain in the left arm, there is most likely damage to what area of the brain? Which developmental milestone must be reached before an infant experiences separation anxiety? Participants were randomly assigned either to drive an automobile simulator while talking to a friend on a cell phone or to drive a simulator without talking on a phone. a. Young-Helmholtz trichromatic theory b. habituation in the study, cell phone use can be described as d. right parietal lobe b. starvation One of the most powerful associations between nonverbal behaviors and deception is the presence of adaptors. b. hippocampus This cue for depth perception is called, A cancer patient becomes nauseated following chemotherapy treatments. a. no wavelength; large amplitude e. rods and cones, bipolar cells, ganglion cells, optic nerve, c. bipolar cells relay information to ganglion cells that form the optic nerve, Which of the following is true regarding visual information processing? In these studies which of the following was the conditioned stimulus? It affects several neurotransmitters, most notably gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). When Rosa has a cold, she cannot taste the flavor of pizza. c. problem solving test scores a. difference not likely due to chance b. humanistic e. parallel processing, e. the intensity of a stimulus and its corresponding psychological sensation, Ernst Weber's and Gustav Fechner's psychophysical laws concern the relation between which of the following? a. confounding variables perception is the law of prgnanz (German. d. sensory adaptation a. difference threshold d. REM rebound, e. there is a disruption in their circadian rhythm, Which of the following is an explanation of why travelers suffer from jet lag? e. cross-cultural representativeness, The correlation between two measures obtained on a group of individuals is graphically represented as a In Philip Zimbardo's Stanford prison experiment, young men were assigned roles as either guards or prisoners. answer choices the blind spot is too small to see most visual stimuli only effect one hemisphere visual stimuli usually affect the occipital cortex in both hemispheres the blind spot habituates to a stimulus when the head is still the brain fills in missing information so there is no awareness that the visual field is incomplete Question 2 So far, neither experimental nor modeling studies have been able to completely rule out any of these potential approaches. a. some characteristic of research participants that is constant, such as gender e. hear sounds, The depletion of which of the following neurotransmitters is most closely associated with the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease? E. thither marital relationship will improve, An individual was admitted to the hospital after experiencing a mild tingling on the right side ofthe face and a sudden inability to speak. a. the perceived uniformity and size of a stimulus What is this process called that must be done at the end of every experiment? Which of the following psychological concepts best explains Tina's change in behavior? d. the retina e. synesthesia, The optic nerve is made up of the axons of what type of cells? "If you understand persuasion, Trump is pitch-perfect most of the time. 68% d. increases her level of teratogens\ Signal detection theory c. Helmholtzs theory of pitch is based on observations of the anatomy of the ear. d. a factor that can be used to predict how people in an experiment will respond a. receive information from other neurons Jack believes that the market price of a bond is solely a function of the amount of the principal payment at the end of the term of a bond. d. skin temperature, A hormone produced by the pineal gland that when released causes a person to feel tired and when reduced, allows a person to become awake is called c. stage 3 Place While the actual fundamental frequency can be precisely determined through physical measurement, it may differ from the perceived pitch because of overtones, or partials, in the sound. e. the immune system getting stronger, Studies of learning have shown that animals develop an aversion for tastes associated with: Her failure to notice the smell of garlic illustrates What hormone seems to be most closely linked with aggressive behavior? e. the ossicles, In psychology, Gestalt principles are used to explain: b. an increase in brain activity in the left frontal lobe d. linear perspective b. epilepsy c. problem-solving test scores Using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a doctor would likely find c. motion constancy d. correlation study, Pat has just finished participating in an experiment that a professor conducted. c. they experience excess amounts of NREM sleep a. negative reinforcer b. dissociation The fovea has the greatest visual acuity in bright light primarily because the fovea is made up of only cones Domingo has just hit Play to begin listening to a new song he bought. Which of the following best explains this phenomenon? a. behaviorists b. medulla d. salivation to the touch a. there are no valid physiological indicators of sleep a. hippocampus d. -0.4 A. when a bystander is the only one present. b. d. rods and cones, ganglion cells, bipolar cells, optic nerve Bipolar cells relay information to ganglion cells that form the optic nerve. b. the food only is presented e. result that proves a new theory, In order to yield information that is generalizable to the population from which it was drawn, a sample must be a. p value e. positron emission tomography (PET), Mary participates in an exercise program because she experiences an increase in energy and feelings of well-being at the end of each exercise session. He has adapted to this level of stress and is coping. a. a dependent variable What was the conditioned stimulus in the study? regular, orderly, symmetric, and simple. b. b. speed of an action potential e. made up of at least 50 percent of the members of the population, Which of the following correlation coefficients most likely represents the relationship between length of sleep deprivation and level of alertness? a. amygdala Calculate profit for each quantity. b. glucose level Size constancy explains why a. objects are perceived as having constant dimensions regardless of distance. c. the presence of a confounding variable b. valium Which of the following is true regarding visual information processing? This is referred to as: The ensemble most often used to this music was a full consort of viols. Participants were randomly assigned either to drive an automobile simulator while talking to a friend on a cell phone or to drive a simulator without talking on a phone. Practice Test #1 ANSWERS 1.According to the text, the definition of psychology states that psychology is the study of: a. behaviour and mental processes. d. blind spot Which of the following describes the problem-solving approach that Kathy is using? e. scaffolding, After several trials during which a dog is given a certain kind of food at the same time that a specific tone is sounded there is evidence of classical conditioning if the dog salivates when: If Darien went against his father's wishes, the repercussions were harsh and swift. a. survey research e. hippocampus, After an electrode implanted in a cat's brain stimulates the cat's amygdala, the cat will most likely do which of the following? d. transfer sound information from the tympanic membrane to the oval window e. binocular cells, The lowest intensity at which a stimulus can first be detected at least 50% of the time correctly is called the: b. cost-leadership strategies. a. dendrites b. protect the cochlea He believes that the answer lies within her unconscious mind. The difference in perception between the two groups of people reveals that b. as large as possible a. c. as sensitive in the dark as cones and are not found in the fovea ; Place theory full explains pitch perception. e. delayed conditioning, Barney is a somewhat distractible second-grade student who finds schoolwork a bit boring. e. right occipital lobe, When people consume large amounts of alcohol they are often unable to recall what they did and said while they were drinking. e. intermittent reinforcement, The idea that the explanation for prejudice lies in children's modeling of their parents' prejudicial beliefs, emotions, and behaviors is most closely aligned with the theories of which of the following? c. a conditioned response only b. individualism Later, in his psychology class, he viewed an image and identified it as a rabbit rather than a duck. e. sensory sensitivity, In 1848, Phineas Gage, a railroad construction foreman, survived when an explosion drove an iron rod through his head. d. 82% d. a primary reinforcer d. bottom-up processing b. bipolar cells, ganglion cells, rods and cones, optic nerve If the dog should start to salivate even a small amount, this would be called: c. light adaptation prevents sensation in color c. salivation to the vinegar e. hypothalamus, A person accidentally touches a hand to a hot stove and quickly pulls the hand away, even before sensory information about the hot stove reaches the brain. Which of the following best describes this phenomenon? b. some aspect of a participant's response that is measured in an experiment ; c. efferent neurons c. amygdala Most Italian composers who wrote ricercar-type pieces were church organists, and the repertoire that they produced were pieces da chiesa (for church) rather than da camera (for chamber), but in England imitative polyphony made its way into the domestic music-making of amateurs. c. I and II only b. the eardrum a. \text { Quantity } & 0 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5 & 6 & 7 \\ e. decreased heart rate, Theta brain wave patterns occur in which specific stage of sleep? d. emotions a. the tone only is presented c. Hering's opponent-process theory c. perceptual organization b. left parietal lobe At the end of its useful life, the machine is estimated to have a market value of $2,500. d. negative reinforcement which of the following theories most accurately explains pitch perception? e. discrimination, While at a crowded gathering, Zach realized that his attention was being drawn away from his conversation every time a person nearby said the word "exactly." a. the blind spot is very small, and no visual stimuli are likely to be so small that the blind spot completely obscures them The place theory of hearing suggests that we hear different pitches because different areas of the cochlea respond to higher and lower pitches. Darien's father dictated who Darien's friends should be and what classes he should take, and he set an extremely early curfew. d. mitochondria c. standardization c. displacement content a. an unconditioned stimulus only She follows every direction on each recipe step by step to make sure her food tastes good. Then he praises her when she makes a simple knot. e. aphasia, Ben was enjoying a walk in the woods on a beautiful Saturday afternoon. Frequency The victim precipitation theory suggests that the characteristics of the victim precipitate the crime. b. thought, perception, and emotion. Later, however, she cannot remember the names of any of her new acquaintances, even though she remembers what she ate, her old friends who were there, and the address of the host. d. obsessive-compulsive disorder b. photoreceptor cells If the -3o to 3o represent the mathematics achievement scores from a group of tenth graders, approximately what percentage of students scored between 50 and 80 (-2o to 1o)? This perceptual phenomenon is best explained by After spending hours in her kitchen preparing dinner, Rebecca no longer notices the strong smell of garlic until her guests arrive and mention the smell. b. studies subjects in their natural environment The debate about the relative contributions of biology and experience to human development is most often referred to as what? The g factor also known as general intelligence general mental ability or general intelligence factor is a construct developed in psychometric investigations of cognitive abilities and human intelligenceIt is a variable that summarizes positive correlations among different cognitive tasks reflecting the fact that an individuals performance on one b. longitudinal study b. punishment Researchers have found a negative correlation between income and dental problems. Should ACC replace the old machine? The three main strands can be described as place, time, and place-time theories. Each of these will explain in detail how to get emphasis through the use of a certain principle. Zach's response is an example of This can be explained by After an electrode implanted in a cat's brain stimulates the cat's amygdala, the cat will most likely do which of the following? The firm's marginal tax rate is 40 percent, and the appropriate required rate of return is 10 percent.