ekaterina gordeeva & david pelletier

Who wrote the music and lyrics for Kinky Boots? However, Gordeeva continued to not only skate in professional competitions and TV specials like Beauty and the Beast and Snowden on Ice, as well as in the Stars on Ice tour, but she also wrote My Sergei, a memoir of her and Grinkov's life together. November 20, 2010 - 15 years ago we lost Sergei Grinkov. Though Sergei would become the anchoring force in their partnership, Katias steadfast determination and remarkable work ethic was an integral factor in the pairs enormous success. It's my job." "My Sergei: A Love Story." While training for the 1988 Winter Olympics, Sergei slipped on a soft piece of ice dropping Katia on her head, causing her to go to hospital. In 1982, when Gordeeva was eleven years old, she began skating with Sergei Grinkov, who was four years her senior, at the Central Army Club in Moscow. Despite this, she discovered her actual calling due to her rejection. As she told Time writer Steve Wulf, "Skating was the only thing that could bring back my confidence because it's the only thing I can do. June 10, 2010 - An article translation from 1986. Within the Cite this article tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. Gordeevas career in Television started in 1995. On June 10, 2002, Gordeeva and Kulik were married in San Francisco. Furthermore, you can trail Ekaterina Gordeeva on her Twitter account @KatiaGordeeva, having 4 k followers. Yammy Uddin: YouTuber, Age, Height, Net Worth. 2019Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. She and her partner, Russian actor Egor Beroev won the show. She has created two perfumes under the contract: Katia and Katia Sport. Aside from that, she and her daughter have acted in films and commercials. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Encyclopedia of World Biography. Swift quoted skating champion and choreographer Sandra Bezic, who said, "He presented her so beautifully, like a cherished little sister. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. 2 Who was the Russian pairs skater that died? ", Gordeeva & Grinkov's first Olympics in 1988 was filled with nerves, homesickness, and sickness-Sergei had the flu. Historically, professional athletes were not allowed to compete in the Olympics, but in 1992, these rules were changed, making Gordeeva and Grinkov eligible to compete in the 1994 Olympic Games in Lillehammer, Norway. Special thanks to Yulia! Ehrenpreis, Yael. By now they were both falling in love and on New Year's Eve, they finally kissed. How old is Ekaterina Gordeevas husband Ilia Kulik? "Now, I like to cook good meals especially when I have a lot of time," she said. Since then, she has released various documentaries and films about various topics inside Russia. Audiences were mesmerized both by their artistic and technical skill and by the obvious passion and romance between the two. Chatelaine (March 1997): 137. Figure skater Ekaterina Gordeeva, who skated with partner Sergei Grinkov, won four World Championships and two Olympic gold medals in pairs skating. They describe "Kulik's Skating" (www.kuliksskating.com) as a facility designed, built and operated by skaters, for skaters. Gordeeva and Grinkov won Worlds again in 1989 in the romantic city of Paris, but were so consumed with love that the skating hardly seemed to matter. By this time they were a couple. In that same year, Gordeeva met Ilia Kulik, who had won a gold medal in men's figure skating at the 1998 Olympic Games in Nagano, Japan. Moreover, she has 43.3 K Instagram followers on her @katiaagordeeva account and is well-known for her stunning photographs. Meanwhile, his wife functioned as a teletype operator for Russian News Agency TASS, the countrys most important news agency. However, the nerves did wear off, Grinkov recovered, and they skated both their short and long programs successfully and won the gold medal. It reminded me too much of [Grinkov].". At age 11, Ekaterina Gordeeva (called Katia by her friends) became one of a pair-a pair of "G's"-Gordeeva and Grinkov. In 1998, Gordeeva published A Letter for Daria, a children's book of reminiscences and advice for her daughter. Gordeeva also believes, as she told Joanna Powell in Good Housekeeping, that Daria "is a gift from God. Together with her partner and husband, the late Sergei Grinkov, she was the 1988 and 1994 Olympic Champion and four-time World Champion (1986, 1987, 1989, 1990) in pair skating. Notable Sports Figures. Heart disease ran in his family; his father had died from a heart attack in his fifties. Born on May 28, 1971 in Moscow Since her return to the ice, she has starred with fellow skater and friend Scott Hamilton in Disney's "Beauty and the Beast" on ice, appeared in television commercials and signed other endorsement deals. With her oldest kid Daria, the two-time Olympic champion, was on Snowden on Ice. Her mother was a teletype operator for the Soviet news agency, Tass, and her father was a dancer for the Alexandrov Song and Dance Ensemble of the Soviet Army. Even as a young girl, she took her training very seriously; indeed, she was the one that would often have to raise her parents at 5 AM, determined not to miss a second of vital ice time. Ten years later, the athlete still finds comfort on . Before American speed skaters Eric Heiden and Bonnie Blair raced to fame as Olympic champions, Soviet sp, Henie, Sonja Video of Katia's performance at The Caesars Tribute II- A Salute to the Ladies of the Ice: Cinema Italiano. Russian speed skater In November 1996, Katia chronicled her life and love affair in her book My Sergei, A Love Story (Warner Books), which became a national best seller. [1][2][3][4] She is most known for the work involved with Russia's NTV Documentary films from 2003 until 2012. Stanislav Zhuk, head coach at the Central Red Army Skating Club, pushed Gordeeva & Grinkov too hard, overtraining them while he drank every day. It was after she returned she felt Sergei's feelings towards her had changed. Moreover, shes also inked multiple endorsement deals, including one with Target, a subsidiary of American Retail Corporation. AllRightsReserved. Posts Videos Tagged. "Ekaterina Gordeeva . She signed a multi-year partnership with Target Stores that includes commercials and product endorsements. Ekaterina "Katia" Alexandrovna Gordeeva (Russian: ; born 28 May 1971) is a Russian figure skater. In Sports Illustrated, E.M. Gordeeva also appeared in "Snowden on Ice" in 1997. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Lodge, Sally. In November 2010, Katia and her partner hockey star, Valeri Bure, won season two of CBCs hit reality show. Come on. Born in Moscow on February 4, 1967, Sergei Grinkov was the son of Anna and Mikhail Grinkov, both officers in the Soviet Interior Ministry police. That year, however, marked a more prominent transition in their lives: on April 28, 1991, they were married. They married in San Francisco in 2002 and have a daughter, Elizaveta, together. Nonetheless, they repeatedly travel between the United States and Russia to see their household and homeland. Her instructor, Vladimir Zaharov, insisted on changing her partners because he had lately missed practice. At the age of 11 she was partnered up with Sergei Grinkov. Katia collaborated with Bruno Gervais to perform on James Horners The Plaza of Execution. The siblings are quite close. Top 10 Most Dangerous Guns In The World In 2023 ! Special thanks to Yulia! In 1995, Olympic gold medalist Ekaterina Gordeeva lost her figure skating partner and husband, Sergei Grinkov, when he died of a heart attack. This site dedicated to the most beautiful pair in figure skating - Ekaterina Gordeeva and Sergei Grinkov - and created for their fans and people who were touched by their story. From that point on, the serious young girl and the carefree, talented Grinkov formed a partnership that would define both their own lives and the world of figure skating. Charisma Jamison: YouTube, Age, Parents, Cole Sydnor, Net Worth! The world lost one of its greatest performers, and Katia lost her husband, partner, and best friend. An autopsy showed the two-time. Collins told Leigh Montville in Sports Illustrated, "You could see it happen. Yet, Gordeeva was not happy. Though her parents both worked hard, her father dancing away in distant lands, her mother working twelve-hour shifts for the Soviet News agency Tass, they would spend restful vacations at theirdacha, their summer home in the country north of Moscow. Katia continues to perform in figure skating exhibitions throughout the world. Together with her partner and husband, the late Sergei Grinkov, she was the 1988 and 1994 Olympic Chapion and four-time World Champion in Pairs Skating. In 1984, the duo won the Junior World Ice Skating Championships in Colorado Springs, Colorado. Grinkov, who had appeared to be completely healthy except for a problem with high blood pressure, had suffered a massive heart attack. At age 11, Ekaterina Gordeeva (called Katia by her friends) became one of a pair-a pair of "G's"-Gordeeva and Grinkov. ", Gordeeva told Joanna Powell in Good Housekeeping, "There was something special about us. Ekaterina Gordeeva was born in Russia in 1971. As per our research, Ekaterina Gordeevas zodiac sign is Gemini. [5] [6] [7] Since 2005, she has directed and released several documentaries. Winters, Kelly "Gordeeva, Ekaterina Theyve been together for approximately 22 years, 6 months, and 29 days. The two spent little time together away from their training, and while the playful Grinkov was constantly testing authority and exploring life with a large group of friends, Katias existence was more isolated. She started her career in journalism when she became a correspondent for one of Rostov-on-Don's local newspapers 'City N'. She is quite petite, weighing 90.4 pounds (41 kilograms), and she is also 5 feet and 1 inch tall. Gordeeva, Ekaterina. This was a wonderful day for me. However, they did skate at the World Championships in Paris-they won and everyone, friends, fans, and judges alike, saw how much they were in love. Montville, Leigh. Two months later, Gordeeva & Grinkov successfully defended their World Professional Championship title, but they missed Daria's first Christmas. Sergei visited Katia quite a bit during that period. Gordeeva was sixteen, and Grinkov was twenty. For Sergei Grinkov, 28, the one problem was a heart that exploded without warning while he practiced for an ice show with his wife and partner, Ekaterina Gordeeva. Ekaterina Katya Alexandrovskaya, a Russian-Australian Olympian, was found below the apartment building she lived in with her mother in Moscow on July 17. I'll give you a little ride." The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". It is straight ahead about 100 meters or less, on the right side. By the time she turned five years old, Gordeeva was practicing four times a week. Initially, she was connected with Sergei Grinkov, her first spouse. She was the sole inspiration for her parents, Katia and Sergei to return . She briefly returned to pairs skating during the 2008-09 season when she participated in Russian reality television show. Instead, she concentrated on her ice skating career, in which she excelled at. "Oh Why Did You Pick Me?" Life for Katia and Sergei was complete, both personally and professionally. She entered her husband into the world as she comprehended him with the help of author E.M. 1999-2023 She gave birth to their daughter Daria in September of 1992. They then also won the World Championships. Hamill, Dorothy Sergei Grinkov, her husband, was not a strong singles skater, but he was an unstoppable teammate with his wife. Most of the films are focused on families and people.[13][14][15]. After petitioning the International Skating Union to reinstate their amateur status, they began training for their second Olympics. 104-107. The site is unofficial. Soon after this partnership formed, the pair won the World Junior Championships in Colorado Springs in 1984. (EN) Ekaterina Gordeeva, su Olympedia. Biography | Photo | Programs | Media | Contact | Home | Russian. In 1985, Gordeeva & Grinkov had to endure another coaching change. August 14, 2010 - An article translation from 1988. Katinas parents traveled a lot because of their jobs. Now 24-years-old and pursuing a career in the fashion industry, Daria will be in Lake Placid tonight. After their second Olympic victory, the famous pair and their daughter settled in Connecticut and began practicing for a professional tour of Stars on Ice that would keep them on the road for three months. In 1993, Gordeeva tried to study in Paris but with changes to her place in Rostov-on-Don, she went back home. But Katia felt increasingly lonely and isolated as her longing for Sergei developed without an outlet. But sadly, fate intervened. He was only 28 years old when he died, while his wife and daughter were 24 and 3 years old at the time. Grinkov was matched with the eleven-year-old Ekaterina Gordeeva, and initially told his coach, according to William Plummer in People, "I could never lift this girl!". On Monday, November 20, 1995, while rehearsing a number with their choreographer Marina Zueva, Sergei suffered a fatal heart attack. (With E.M. Ekaterina "Katia" Alexandrovna Gordeeva is a Russian (Former Soviet) figure skater. Their love for each other was strong and they were very happy.Sadly all good things must come to an end and theirs did when Sergei died of a heart attack November 20, 1995 while practicing a new program with Katia. Ekaterina was born on May 28, 1971, in Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union and is 50 years old as of 2022. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. Bio and Early Life Elizaveta Ilinichna Kulik is widely known as the single daughter of American well-known figure skaters, Ekaterina Gordeeva a nd Ilia Kulik. Who is the Russian figure skater Ekaterina Gordeeva married to? By 2022, the four-time world champion skater will be 50 years old. "Family is always the most important part," she said. ." Plummer, William. As a group, they were a tremendous force, winning nearly every tournament they entered. During an interview, she asserted that she sensed Sergeis presence, which made her perform twice as well. Yet even with their performance not being perfect, Gordeeva stated in My Sergei that she was happy because, "the first gold medal we had won for the Soviet Union. What happened to Ilia Kulik and Ekaterina Gordeeva? Again, she focused intently on her training; but a stress fracture in her ankle restricted even this diversion. She is enjoying her life by traveling and spending time with her family. In 1994 pros could return to the Olympics so they did and skated to another gold medal. In February 1998, CBS aired the television docudrama My Sergei, (based on the book), and in April 1998 Little Brown published Katias second book A Letter for Daria. [clarification needed] In 1994, Gordeeva then studied Journalism at the Rostov State University in Rostov-on-Don. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. In December of 1994, Gordeeva & Grinkov won their third and last World Professional Championship. But Katia felt increasingly lonely and isolated as her longing for Sergei developed without an outlet. On Nov. 20, 1995, two-time Olympic pairs champion Sergei Grinkov, aged 28, died of a heart attack in Lake Placid, New York, while practicing with his wife and partner, Ekaterina Katia Gordeeva, for the opening of the Stars on Ice tour just five days away. Special thanks to Elena Evi! The sixty city, three-month road show made travel virtually impossible with their newborn, so they entrusted Darias care to Katias mother, a difficult but necessary decision for the young parents. ", On February 27, 1996, Gordeeva began her new life as a solo skater in a televised tribute to Grinkov, A Celebration of a Life. The world lost one of its greatest performers, and Katia lost her husband, partner, and best friend. Despite her coachs wishes for her to be paired with someone else, she insisted on working with him. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Right by the road. November 3, 2011 - Not so long ago Yahoo Video stopped their services, so I will gradually upload videos to the site's Facebook page. Top 10 Best Universities around the World. Though the next year was extraordinarily difficult for Katia, she again found her solace and inspiration on the ice. I was such a sad, funny little mom.". You have a daughter to live for." Aidan Thieriot: Age, Family, Biography, Net Worth! https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ekaterina-gordeeva, "Ekaterina Gordeeva ; Mosca, 28 maggio 1971) un'ex pattinatrice artistica su ghiaccio sovietica naturalizzata russa, specializzata nel pattinaggio artistico su ghiaccio a coppie. What is Ekaterina Gordeevas current location? Button, in Time, described Gordeeva as "a very elegant snowflake, but one that is made of steel.". With a style all their own, Gordeeva and Grinkov made a name for themselves as the most recognizable pair team ever from the former Soviet Union. Video unavailable Watch on YouTube People (November 24, 1997): 17. At 28, Grinkov died of a heart attack. Sergei Grinkov Yet Grinkov came up with an idea. in Russian Federation (February 23, 2023). In July 2002, she reverted to her own name to start working at Russia's TVS TV Channel. I take skating for a job.". Her father was a dancer with the Moiseev Dance Company, a world-famous folk dancing troupe. It is with her former partner and late husband, the great Sergei Grinkov, that Katia first seduced the world with her elegance. They are everything pairs skating should be. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. Gordeeva was born in Rostov-on-Don in 1977. The couple is the youngest Olympic gold medalist to date. Ekaterina "Katia" Alexandrovna Gordeeva is a Russian (Former Soviet) figure skater. Though the successes of this young pair quickly mounted, their off-ice relationship proceeded at a more gradual pace. On Monday, November 20, 1995, while rehearsing a number with their choreographer Marina Zueva, Sergei suffered a fatal heart attack. Like a quiet ballerina, she floats on the ice seemingly in a world of her own creation, and we are the lucky participants, fortunate enough to be touched by her soulful athleticism. What does it mean that the Bible was divinely inspired? Ekaterina Gordeeva is a well-known Russian figure skater who is also popular as a two-time Olympic Winner and four-time World Champion in pair skating. I think she drove me back to a normal life." Swift, E.M. "A Magical Twosome." This one we won for each other.". Together with her husband, the late Sergei Grinkov, she was the 1988 and 1994 Olympic Champion and four-time World Champion (1986, 1987, 1989, 1990) in pair skating. Ilia Kulik - 1998 Olympic Champion (Nagano, Japan) She focused almost exclusively on a single goal: capturing Olympic Gold in, Gordeeva and Grinkov successfully defended their World title in 1987 in, . In My Sergei Gordeeva remembered a trip to Disneyland, "Sergei bought me some ice cream. They went on tour with Stars on Ice before announcing their pregnancy with Daria, their first and only child. mother Anna Filippovna Grinkova (died in March 2000) Show More Posts from katiaagordeeva. Once you get to the Cemetery, it is pretty easy to find Sergei's grave. It does not store any personal data. Sports Illustrated (February 28, 1994): 48. Paired together since they were youths training in the ice rink at the Central Red Army Club in Moscow, Gordeeva and Grinkov learned to move flawlessly together on the ice. 1939- What are some examples of how providers can receive incentives? However, this new coach was a tyrant. Sergei accidentally grabbed a blade on the ice and dropped it on Gorrdevas forehead in 1987, forcing her to go to the hospital. Later in 1996, she began skating in the Stars on Ice show, joining other former Olympians for the 57-city tour. June 17, 2010 - An article translation from 1986. After Sergei died unexpectedly in 1996, the figure skater began her career. She began skating when she was four years old. 5 Where does Ekaterina Gordeeva live in the US? 1964- Ekaterina Gordeeva was 24 years old when her husband, Sergei Grinkov, died. In their thirteen years together, they came to define pair skating, lifting the sport to new heights, artistically and athletically. Lil Cuete : Rapper, Real Name, Age, Net Worth! From 1997 to 1999, she worked as a parliamentary correspondent for the TV program 'Day Seven' with then later working at the Russian Service of the BBC in 2001 under the pseudonym Maria Rasskazova. And on September 11, 1992 came the most precious responsibility of all, their daughter Daria. What happened between Ilia Kulik and Ekaterina Gordeeva? Lopez, Steve. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. Together with her partner and husband, the late Sergei Grinkov, she was the 1988 and 1994 Olympic Champion and four-time World Champion in pair skating. "Solo But Not Alone." However, winning skating competitions was not the only joy in their lives. Due to her relative youth (in comparison with the other skaters) and shyness, Katia found solace on the ice and in her training. People (January 13, 2003): 125. Things changed rapidly, both on and off the ice. "Twice Blessed." Ekaterina "Katia" Alexandrovna Gordeeva is a Russian (Former Soviet) figure skater. Here you will find more than a thousand of photos, as well as articles interviews and videos. Gordeeva was born in 1971 in the Soviet capital of Moscow. Gordeeva, Ekaterina, with E.M. daughter Daria Sergeevna Grinkova Grinkov picked up Gordeeva and carried her in his arms as he skated their program. Name: Ekaterina Gordeeva Birth Year: 1971 Birth date: May 28, 1971 Birth City: Moscow Birth Country: Russia Gender: Female Best Known For: Ekaterina Gordeeva is a Russian figure skater who,. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". Swift) My Sergei: A Love Story, Warner, 1996. Moreover, she also appeared in the 2003 Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue as a featured athlete. She was 16 at those Olympics and skated to the gold. After nearly 22 years of competitive calculate skating, the talented figure skater has amassed a sizable net worth. Still, the pair -- who had turned pro -- dreamed of competing in a second Olympic competition. Ilia Alexandrovich Kulik Gordeeva met her second husband, Ilia Kulik, through figure skating too. According to our records, she has 2 children. two-time Olympic champions: 1988 - Calgary, Canada; 1994 - Lillehammer, Norway In My Sergei she reviewed their performance, "we According to People magazines 2018 Special Edition The Best of Olympic Figure Skating, Gordeeva and Kulik divorced in 2016, which has been verified by public record. Sports Illustrated (February 29, 1988): 36. Lynch, Jason, and Susan Horsburgh. Despite this, the couple maintains a nice connection for the sake of their daughter.if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'besttoppers_com-leader-1','ezslot_8',117,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-besttoppers_com-leader-1-0'); Ekaterina Gordeeva is married to David Pelletier, a Canadian figure skater. With their new long program, Beethoven's Moonlight Sonata, they won the Russian Nationals and the European championships. Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA). Removing this book will also remove your associated ratings, reviews, and reading sessions. Follow. Special thanks to Yulia! Further, Ekaterina and her late husband, Sergei Grinkov earned four-time World Champion and Olympic Champion in pair skating. Though thrilled with parenthood, the couple needed to support themselves, which meant more touring. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. 23 Feb. 2023 . In My Sergei, Gordeeva stated, "I don't remember Sergei probably because I was so wrapped up in the competition.". Then he bent hisknees and lay down on the ice very carefully. Ekaterina is not married to anyone as of now. They were married June 10, 2002 and she gave birth to a second daughter on June 15, 2001. daughter Elizaveta Ilyinishna Kulik After winning their second Olympic gold medal, Gordeeva and Grinkov moved to Simsbury, Connecticut in 1994, and skated in the Stars on Ice tour. The transition from pairs skating to solo skating was difficult, but Gordeeva told Lopez, "You can't lock yourself inside yourself or you'll die. Gordeeva's parents both worked hard and traveled so much that Gordeeva and her sister, Maria, often stayed with their grandparents. A couple of times he he hugged me after a ride, or put his arm around me when we were standing in line. The couple took the spring off when Grinkov hurt his back. just proceeded from element to element without feeling, intent only on not making mistakes." This was a rarity: sport, art, and tragedy fused into one." Ekaterina "Katia" Alexandrovna Gordeeva ( Russian: ; born 28 May 1971) [1] is a Russian figure skater. They had been married in 1991 and had a daughter, Daria, and their new maturity gave depth and passion to their performance. However, tragedy struck-Grinkov's father died of a heart attack. 1 What happened between Ilia Kulik and Ekaterina Gordeeva? Her father is Sergei Grinkov who suffered a fatal heart attack when Daria was a mere three years old. I skated with Sergei. An hour later, Grinkov died at a local hospital. It was all very sweet. At the European Championships, skating to "Romeo and Juliet, " Gordeeva & Grinkov won another title. four-time World champions: 1986, 1987, 1989, 1990 I never skated with anyone else. She has appeared in a print ad campaign solo and with female skating legend Peggy Fleming. She also was featured in the popular Milk Mustache ad campaign with her daughter Daria. During training, in November 87, Sergei caught a blade on the ice and dropped Katia while holding her aloft. In December 1983, after a coaching change and just one year of training, Gordeeva & Grinkov finished sixth in the Junior World Championships. However, at the Olympics, they did not skate perfectly-Grinkov had done a single instead of a double jump-still they won their second gold medal. Furthermore, the mother of two went to a local high school but decided against going to college. 195 following. Finally, much to the happiness of Gordeeva, Gordeeva & Grinkov spent off-ice time together. These days, Gordeeva is as likely to be chopping vegetables in her kitchen, as she is to be gliding around the ice. " " RIA.RU", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Katerina_Gordeeva&oldid=1137122235, Journalism as a Profession Awards winners, Russian activists against the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, People listed in Russia as foreign agents, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Russian-language text, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from May 2022, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Writer, journalist, documentary writer, film producer, Change one Life (Video Series), Ruble's Wives, Defeat Cancer, The ZERO Generation, The Man from Nowhere ( ) 2018, This page was last edited on 2 February 2023, at 22:47.